Recognizing tide-dominated versus tide-influenced deltas: Middle Devonian strata of the Baltic Basin
DOI | 10.2110/jsr.2009.096 |
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Aasta | 2009 |
Ajakiri | Journal of Sedimentary Research |
Köide | 79 |
Number | 12 |
Leheküljed | 887-905 |
Tüüp | artikkel ajakirjas |
Eesti autor | |
Keel | inglise |
Id | 2743 |
Abstrakt
his paper examines the differences between tide-dominated and tide-influenced deltas, as well as tide-dominated deltas and tide-dominated estuaries. The deltaic deposits of the Middle Devonian Kernave and Arukula formations were documented in cores and outcrops in the Baltic Basin and interpreted as tide-dominated delta deposits. These tide-dominated deposits consist of three vertically stacked progradational to aggradational packages, 20-40 m thick. Each package consists of two stratigraphic intervals. The lower upward-coarsening interval contains seaward-accreting prodelta to distal tidal-bar and proximal tidal-bar deposits. The upper upward-fining interval consists of tidal-flat deposits and minor tidal gully, distributary-channel, supratidal muds, and paleosol deposits. The overall character of these delta deposits indicates a subaqueous delta with no river-dominated delta-plain. Comparison of these successions with modern and ancient tide-dominated and tide-influenced deltas suggests that tide-dominated deltaic deposits tend to form in conditions of relative sea-level rise succeeding transgressions, when tidal currents are strong enough to redeposit most river-derived sediments. Tide-dominated deltas form subaqueous deltas, where the bulk of the deposits are tidally resvorked. In contrast, tide-influenced deltas contain tidal indicators in delta-front and lower-delta-plain deposits, whereas the upper delta plain is river-dominated. Our data suggest that tide-dominated deltas may change into tide-influenced deltas during delta evolution when they prograde to the mouth of the restricted or funnel-shaped bay, given the rate of fluvial sediment supply exceeds the rate of accommodation increase.